Go to: Section 5-4 Quiz Questions

1. According to the American Medical Association (1985), hypnosis has which of the following effects on memory retrieval?

C. Hypnosis increases the number of inaccurate details included in a retrieved memory.

2. Let's say that you are walking around your neighborhood late at night and, looking up, you see a light travel very rapidly from the northern to the southern sky. With respect to this event, which of the following would represent an attribution?

B. You conclude that the light is an extraterrestrial spaceship.

3. Teri shows a depressive attributional style. This means that

B. Teri makes internal, stable, and global attributions when something negative happens.

4. Which of the following would represent an internal attribution?

C. I hit the other car because I am a bad driver.

5. Social psychology focuses on behaviors that have _____, whereas personality psychology focuses on behaviors that have _____.

A. high consensus; low consensus

6. I believe that the students attending my classes love them from the first day, and that they are so excited by the topics discussed that they never want to miss a class. If a student is absent, my first thought is that something terrible must have happened to him or her. If the student is absent two days in a row, I start calling local hospitals. When students leave during class, I assume that they need to calm down from all the intellectual excitement they feel. If, at the end of the semester, only half the original class still is showing up, I figure that the other half withdrew because they wanted to have more time to research topics in psychology that I had discussed in earlier classes. My inferences and conclusions in this example are strongly influenced by

D. wishful thinking.

7. Which of the following would be an example of the fundamental attributional bias?

A. The student looked nervous when she gave her oral report. She must have an "anxious personality."

8. Freud's evidence for his theories often included his patients' memories from the first several years of their lives — the period of infantile amnesia. It is likely that many of these memories

A. were constructed over time through suggestions from Freud.
B. were recovered once Freud broke through their defensive barriers.
C. were mixtures of (mostly) fact and (partly) fiction.
D. all the above

9. Cognitive psychotherapy focuses on altering clients'

D. negative interpretations of situations.

10. Which of the following would be a stable attribution?

D. I received a bad grade on the algebra test because I am not good at math.

11. Which of the following would represent an attribution?

B. She got an A on the test because she is very intelligent.

12. Whenever she experiences a negative life event, Tanya typically blames herself rather than others; but when she experiences a positive life event, she often gives others the credit instead of herself. Tanya is exhibiting

D. the self-effacing bias.

13. Which of the following would represent an external attribution?

C. I hit the other car because the sun got in my eyes.

14. In making an attribution, we FIRST tend to decide if an event (action) was caused by ___ factors.

D. internal or external

15. Most experimental research has shown that people given an hypnotic induction are

B. in a normal, waking state of consciousness.

16. The fundamental attribution bias refers to the tendency of

B. observers to favor internal attributions when explaining the behavior of others.

17. [From Class Discussion] The concept of the PSYCHODYNAMIC unconscious emphasizes the importance of

C. motives.

18. Which of the following represents the MOST general (global) attribution?

D. I received a bad grade on the algebra test because I am stupid.

19. I decided to teach my classes by putting everything I want to talk about on Powerpoint slides (with music) because all the other teachers are using Powerpoint to teach their classes. My decision probably was determined mostly by

A. the bandwagon effect.

20. Gladys had an argument with her best friend, Opal. She and Opal had never disagreed before, and Gladys was very surprised by Opal's anger: in 60 years of being her friend, Gladys had never seen Opal angry. She decided that Opal must have been having a bad day because she had just found out that morning that her son was divorcing his wife of 35 years. Gladys made an _____ attribution for Opal's angry behavior.

D. external, unstable, and general

21. You are likely to attribute your own failing grade on a test to __________; a stranger is more likely to attribute your failing grade on a test to __________.

A. an unfair test; your stupidity

22. Jerry was given a "Virgin Mary" to drink at a party — a drink that he had never even heard of before. He really liked its taste and, so, had several more. With each drink, he became more and more intoxicated: he talked loudly, slurred his speech, and stumbled around the room. Finally, his friend, Larry, told him that a Virgin Mary contains no alcohol. Jerry protested and told Larry that he must be wrong because he felt drunk. Which of the following approaches would provide the best explanation for Jerry's experience and behaviors?

A. the sociocognitive approach

23. In the previous question, which of the following concepts would NOT be important for explaining Jerry's experience and behaviors?

C. motive

24. Which of the following would be an example of the fundamental attribution bias?

A. He must be a very friendly person: he said hello to me in the hallway.

25. A student in the first row put her head down and fell asleep almost as soon as I started class. I figured that she hadn't slept much the night before and was really tired. I made an _____ attribution for the student's behavior.

D. internal, unstable, and general

Go to: Section 5-4 Quiz Questions