Go to: Section 4-3 Quiz Questions

1. When trying to remember the difference between the words "stalactite" (an icicle-shaped deposit that hangs from the roof of a cavern) and "stalagmite" (a conical deposit built up on the floor of a cavern), I think of the letter "c" in stalactite, which stands for "ceiling," and the letter "m" in stalagmite, which stands for "mountain." In using these memory aids to help me to remember each word, I have made use of

D. elaborative rehearsal.

2. Which of the following people would be MOST likely to remember one hour later the notes on a sheet of music after looking it over only briefly?

B. Joan, who has been a musician for over 30 years.

3. I need to remember a list of sixteen numbers: 19601963196819741976. I want to keep the entire list in working memory for a short period of time. I realize that I can separate the numbers into five groups that represent the years in which new presidents took office: 1960, 1863, 1968, 1974, 1976. I have no trouble maintaining these numbers in working memory because I have ___ the numbers.

C. chunked

4. Which of the following would be an example of an implicit memory?

A. Tom could not remember the phone number of a friend whom he hadn't called in years, but he was able to dial it correctly anyways.

5. Which of the following statements about long-term memories is FALSE?

B. A long-term memory is encoded completely — as detailed memory codes that contain virtually all of the information processed by the sensory subsystem.

6. William is receiving psychotherapy for major depression. He often mentions to his therapist how unhappy his childhood was, and he remembers a number of unhappy childhood events. Which of the following is the BEST comment to make about William's childhood memories?

C. Because he is depressed right now, he is MORE likely to remember unhappy events from the past rather than happy ones.

7. As you read the textbook, you should be stopping yourself after each paragraph and summarizing it in your own words. In addition, you should be trying to think of good examples for each of the major concepts. If you are studying in this way, you are

D. using elaborative rehearsal to semantically encode the information in the textbook.

8. Two groups of people (Group 1 and Group 2) drank five cups of coffee very rapidly and then learned a list of 20 words. A day later, Group 1 again drank five cups of coffee whereas Group 2 drank five cups of water. Group 1 recalled the word list better than did Group 2. These results are MOST consistent with the concept of

A. state-dependent memory.

9. Let's say that you were asked to memorize a 12-item word list that was read to you aloud. The list included the following words: dog, cap, box, lamp. If you encoded this information in working memory using maintenance rehearsal, which of the following MISTAKES would you be MOST likely to make when retrieving the words immediately after the word list had been read?

B. frog, sap, fox, cramp

10. [FROM CLASS DISCUSSION] When asked to describe typical college professors, people generally state something like the following: college professors are male, middle-aged, intelligent, arrogant, defensive, and unattractive. This set of knowledge and beliefs about college professors represents a

A. schema.

11. The central executive is most closely associated with activity in the

B. frontal lobes.

12. Elaborative rehearsal is MOST important for

B.  moving information from short-term memory into long-term memory.

13. When you are trying to memorize a poem, which of the following would be MOST usefult to you while you were rehearsing the poem?

A. the phonological loop

14. Let's say that you are asked to listen to a word list read out loud and then to perform another task for 15 seconds before being asked to recall the word list. The 15 seconds between the end of encoding and storing the word list and being asked to retrieve it is called the

D. retention interval.

15. Which of the following is best for creating enduring (stable) long-term memories of verbal information that can be activated by a wide range of retrieval cues?

A. semantic encoding

16. Which memory subsystem contains the largest amount of information regarding what is happening around you at this very moment?

D. sensory memory

17. Which of the following components of working memory is most closely linked to long-term memory?

C. the episodic buffer

18. Which personal event from the past should be easiest for a HAPPY person to recall?

C. being praised by the boss

19. When a memory task requires consciously recalling one's long-term memories, the task involves the retrieval of ___ memories.

B. explicit

20. The concept of working memory is important because it

B. emphasizes that active information processing occurs in short-term memory.

21. Elaborative rehearsal involves

D. linking new information to already stored explicit memories.

Go to: Section 4-3 Quiz Questions