Go to: Section 4-1 Quiz Questions

1. Which of the following is NOT an example of one of the MAJOR methods for studying memory?

D. trying to figure out why people often forget what they were doing a week ago

2. Cognitive researchers of memory are MOST interested in studying

D. the mental processes that allow us to remember.

3. Which of the following would be an example of a memory code?

C. I have stored the information for the students in my class in the form of faces coupled with names.

4. Oscar is unable to remember anything about the car accident as well as a short time after the accident, probably because his head hit the dashboard very hard, which left him dazed and confused for a number of minutes both during and after the accident. Oscar's inability to remember the car accident was caused by his inability to _____ information about the car accident.

C. encode

5. My very first memory involves an event that occurred around the time I turned four years old. I am unable to remember anything from before this time, which is a type of forgetting known as

C. infantile amnesia.

6. The cognitive approach in psychology also is known as the

A. information-processing approach.

7. I do not like asparagus because I once saw someone throw up after he ate asparagus. Which of the following types of conditioning (learning) best explains how I acquired my current attitude about asparagus?

B. vicarious conditioning.

8. According to psychoanalytically inclined psychologists, repression of memories occurs because we try to avoid

A.  negative emotions.

9. This morning I was trying to recall the name of a famous psychologist of the past. I knew that his name began with an "F" and was one syllable long. So I started listing possible names: "Fruit, Frolt, Fred, Freed, Frod, Froud." All of a sudden, it hit me, "Freud"! This difficulty shows that I was having problems with the ___ of a memory.

B.  retrieval

10. Which of the following methods is NOT TYPICALLY used in memory research?

A.  electrical stimulation of the brain

11. When processing verbal information, semantic encoding is

C.  a deep processing involving the meaning of the input.

12. The recovery of information from the memory system is referred to as

D.  retrieval.

13. The term "infantile amnesia" refers to the forgetting of events

C. that occurred before the age of about four years.

14. The three fundamental mental processes of our memory systems are

C.  encoding, storing, and retrieving

15. I write the word "proprium" on the chalkboard. If you encode this word in terms of its definition, you are encoding it ___; if you encode it by saying it rhymes with "throw thee, bum," you are encoding it ___; if you encode it by noting that it was written in lower-case letters, you are encoding it ___.

A.  semantically; phonemically; structurally

16. If one is both a materialist and a determinist, one believes that every event in the universe is

B.  caused by some set of preceding physical events.

17. Radical behaviorism assumed that the only cause of learned behavior was

D.  environmental events.

18. Copycat crimes are ones in which people commit a crime that they have heard about. For example, a person may hijack an airplane after watching a movie about a hijacking. What type of conditioning (learning) best explains copycat behavior?

A.  observational learning

19. The input of information into the memory system is called

B.  encoding.

20. When processing verbal information, structural encoding is

B.  a shallow processing involving the physical structure of the input.

21. Bandura's research on the acquisition of aggressive behavior in children has shown that children are MOST likely to act aggressively when

B.  they have observed a model being reinforced for aggressive behavior.

22. When someone asks me where a room in the SB building is located, I immediately am able to give them directions to the room. I am able to do this because I have

C. developed a mental representation of the layout of the SB Building.

Go to: Section 4-1 Quiz Questions